Reaction Rates and Equilibrium

Reaction Rates and Equilibrium

Today, in Chemistry, we learned about the topic of reaction rates and equilibrium. At the start of this standard, we discussed the collision theory. The collision theory dictates whether molecules have the capability to react. There are three key ideas in this collision theory. The first part of the theory states that molecules have to collide in order to react. Next, it also states that molecules have to collide in the correct or appropriate orientation. Finally, the last part of this collision theory tells us that the molecules have to collide with sufficient energy that is equal to or greater than the activation energy barrier.

 After this big idea, we learned that the reaction rate in a reaction is proportional to the number of effective collisions. There are five factors that determine the outcome of the reaction rate. These factors include temperature, concentration, surface area, pressure, and the nature of the chemicals that are involved in this reaction. We also learned that catalysts are useful for speeding up chemical reactions because they lower the activation energy, giving more molecules sufficient energy that is greater than or equal to the activation energy barrier. This standard also required us to identify the difference between chemical equilibrium and physical equilibrium . Physical equilibrium is equilibrium in a reversible reaction that does not change the identity of the substance. An example would be water in a closed system. The forward reaction rate of water (liquid water to vapor) is equal to the reverse reaction rate of water (vapor to liquid water). The same property holds for chemical equilibrium. We also learned how to perform mathematical calculations that tells us whether the equilibrium favors the products or the reactants of a reaction.  Finally, we learned that changing the pressure, concentration, or temperature, may change where the equilibrium lies. This idea was derived from Le Chatelier's Principle.

This is the mathematical computation that can show us where the equillibrium lies.
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Qx09c1p7p2kNM_WwcYIrtiJAPnS2z__
hh926KYI0Ko0/edit#slide=id.g25a36e971_4_59

http://science.wonderhowto.com/how-to/classic-chemistry-colorize-colorless-liquids-with-black-magic-aka-iodine-clock-reaction-0139128/